What We Should Know About X-ray
About X-ray
X-ray is an electromagnetic wave with extremely high frequency, extremely short wavelength, and high energy. The frequency and energy of X-ray are behind gamma-ray. The frequency is 30PHz-300EHz，wavelength is 1pm-10nm，and energy is 124eV-1.24MeV. X-ray has penetration, but there are differences in density and thickness between human tissues. When X-ray penetrates through different tissues of the human body, the degree of absorption is different. After imaging processing, different images can be obtained.
The application of X-ray in the medical field
X-ray is used in medical diagnosis mainly on the basis of X-ray penetration, differential absorption, photosensitivity, and fluorescence. There are three main types of X-ray imaging equipment, namely X-ray machine, computed tomography, and digital subtraction angiography system (DSA System).
The DSA System is a new medical imaging technology after the emergence of CT in the 1980s. It is a combination of computer and traditional X-ray angiography. Currently, DSA technology has become an indispensable technology in angiography and vascular interventional therapy.
X-ray protection
1. Protection of staff
Staff should not expose any part of the body to the primary X-ray and should avoid direct manual operation under fluoroscopy if possible. All kinds of protective equipment must be used during fluoroscopy. Use the visor to narrow the penetrating field of vision, reduce the milliampere and shorten the exposure time as shorter as possible. There should be sufficient dark adaptation before fluoroscopy, so as to get a good fluoroscopic image in the shortest time. Avoid contact with scattered rays, generally blocked by lead screens.
2. Protection of patient
The patient must keep a certain distance from the X-ray tube. A certain thickness of aluminum sheet must be added under the tube window to reduce long-wave X-rays with weak puncture force. The patient should avoid repeated examinations and unnecessary re-examinations in a short time.
